What is the fourth stage in Tuckman’s group development model?

In Tuckman's group development model, the fourth stage is the Performing stage. During this phase, the group has developed a strong sense of unity and is fully functional. Members are effectively collaborating to achieve their common goals. Communication is open and group roles are well understood, allowing group members to execute tasks efficiently and resolve conflicts constructively. This stage represents a high level of team maturity and productivity, where the actual work is accomplished and the team has established a positive working environment.

In contrast, the earlier stages such as Forming, Storming, and Norming focus on the development of relationships, clarification of roles, and the establishment of norms within the group. Each of those earlier stages has its distinct characteristics and challenges that the group must navigate before reaching the high-performing phase. In summary, the Performing stage is crucial as it marks the culmination of the team’s development, leading to effective problem-solving and collaboration, which are essential for achieving the group's objectives.